What is gout?
Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by high uric acid crystallising inside joints — usually the big toe — triggering sudden severe pain, redness and swelling. UK guidelines recommend urate-lowering therapy (allopurinol) after a second attack to prevent joint damage. Diet and alcohol adjustments help.
Last updated 2026-07-01. This is general information, not a substitute for personalised medical advice.
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of gout?
The first sign is usually a sudden, severe attack of pain in a single joint — most often the big toe — that wakes you up at night. The joint becomes red, hot, swollen and so tender that even the weight of a bedsheet feels unbearable. Attacks typically peak within 24 hours.
How do I know if my toe pain is gout?
Gout in the big toe (called podagra) comes on suddenly, usually overnight, with intense burning pain, redness, heat and swelling at the base of the toe. If you can't bear weight on it or even touch it, and the attack settles over 3–10 days, gout is the most likely cause. A blood test for uric acid and joint fluid analysis can confirm it.
What does a gout attack feel like?
Most people describe a sudden, intense burning or throbbing pain in one joint — often the big toe — that starts overnight. The joint becomes red, hot, swollen and so tender that even a bedsheet can be unbearable.
Is gout curable?
Gout itself is a long-term condition, but with allopurinol or febuxostat plus diet and lifestyle changes, most people stop having attacks completely.
What foods should I avoid with gout?
Limit red meat, organ meats, shellfish, oily fish (anchovies, sardines), beer, spirits and sugary drinks. Cherries, water and low-fat dairy can help reduce attacks.
How long does a gout attack last?
An untreated attack peaks at 24 hours and usually settles within 3 to 10 days. NSAIDs or colchicine started early can shorten and ease attacks.
Is gout the same as arthritis?
Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by uric-acid crystals, distinct from osteoarthritis (wear and tear) or rheumatoid arthritis (autoimmune).