Gout symptoms
Gout is caused by sharp urate crystals forming in joints, leading to sudden, severe attacks. It affects around 1 in 40 adults in the UK and is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men.
Common symptoms of gout
- Sudden onset of severe joint pain, often overnight or in the early morning
- Hot, red, swollen joint — most commonly the base of the big toe
- Skin over the joint may look shiny and peel as the attack settles
- Even bedsheet pressure can feel unbearable during an attack
- Attacks typically last 5–10 days and resolve fully between flares
- Long-standing gout can cause visible lumps called tophi
When to see your GP
See your GP urgently during a first suspected attack to confirm the diagnosis. Book a routine appointment if you have repeated attacks to discuss long-term urate-lowering treatment.
This is general information, not a substitute for personalised medical advice.
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of gout?
The earliest signs of gout often include joint pain, stiffness — particularly in the morning or after rest — and reduced flexibility in the affected area. Symptoms typically develop gradually, so keep a short symptom diary and speak to your GP if pain persists for more than a few weeks.
How is gout diagnosed in the UK?
In the UK, GPs diagnose gout from your symptoms, a clinical examination, and — where appropriate — blood tests, X-rays, ultrasound or MRI. For inflammatory types, your GP may refer you to UK healthcare rheumatology for specialist review under NICE guidance.
Can gout symptoms come and go?
Yes. Many people with gout experience flares — periods of worse pain, swelling and stiffness — followed by quieter spells. Tracking your flares helps you and your GP spot triggers and adjust treatment.
When should I see a GP about gout symptoms?
Book a GP appointment if joint pain has lasted more than a few weeks, is interfering with sleep or daily life, or is accompanied by swelling, warmth, locking or unexplained fatigue. Early assessment leads to better long-term outcomes.
Is gout the same as general arthritis pain?
No — there are over 100 forms of arthritis, and gout has its own pattern of symptoms, affected joints and treatment pathway. Getting the right diagnosis matters because the most effective treatments differ between conditions.