Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition affecting around 450,000 adults in the UK. Early symptoms can be subtle — recognising them matters because early DMARD treatment dramatically improves long-term outcomes.
Common symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
- Symmetrical joint pain and swelling, often in the small joints of the hands and feet
- Morning stiffness lasting over an hour
- Warm, tender, swollen joints
- Persistent fatigue and a general feeling of being unwell
- Low-grade fever during active disease
- Rheumatoid nodules — firm lumps under the skin near affected joints
When to see your GP
See your GP urgently if you have persistent joint swelling, especially in the small joints of the hands or feet — early referral to rheumatology improves long-term outcomes.
This is general information, not a substitute for personalised medical advice.
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of rheumatoid arthritis?
The earliest signs of rheumatoid arthritis often include joint pain, stiffness — particularly in the morning or after rest — and reduced flexibility in the affected area. Symptoms typically develop gradually, so keep a short symptom diary and speak to your GP if pain persists for more than a few weeks.
How is rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed in the UK?
In the UK, GPs diagnose rheumatoid arthritis from your symptoms, a clinical examination, and — where appropriate — blood tests, X-rays, ultrasound or MRI. For inflammatory types, your GP may refer you to UK healthcare rheumatology for specialist review under NICE guidance.
Can ra symptoms come and go?
Yes. Many people with ra experience flares — periods of worse pain, swelling and stiffness — followed by quieter spells. Tracking your flares helps you and your GP spot triggers and adjust treatment.
When should I see a GP about rheumatoid arthritis symptoms?
Book a GP appointment if joint pain has lasted more than a few weeks, is interfering with sleep or daily life, or is accompanied by swelling, warmth, locking or unexplained fatigue. Early assessment leads to better long-term outcomes.
Is rheumatoid arthritis the same as general arthritis pain?
No — there are over 100 forms of arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis has its own pattern of symptoms, affected joints and treatment pathway. Getting the right diagnosis matters because the most effective treatments differ between conditions.