Knee arthritis treatment
NICE recommends starting with exercise, weight management, and topical pain relief. Surgery is considered only when conservative measures no longer control symptoms.
Treatment approaches
Quadriceps strengthening
Stronger quads reliably reduce knee OA pain — more so than any single drug.
Weight management
Every kilogram lost reduces knee load by up to four kilograms during walking.
Topical NSAIDs
First-line drug treatment per NICE 2022 guidance.
Walking aids
A stick used in the opposite hand reduces knee load by up to 25%.
Steroid injections
Short-term relief for flares — typically no more than three per year.
Knee replacement surgery
Considered when conservative care no longer manages pain or function.
This is general information, not a substitute for personalised medical advice.
Frequently asked questions
What is the best treatment for knee arthritis in the UK?
UK treatment for knee arthritis follows NICE guidance and usually combines self-management (exercise, weight control, pacing), pain relief, and — where needed — specialist medication or therapy. There is no single "best" option; the right plan depends on the type, severity and joints involved.
Can knee arthritis be cured?
Most forms of knee oa cannot be cured, but they can be very effectively managed. With the right combination of exercise, medication, and lifestyle support, many people maintain a full and active life.
What painkillers help knee arthritis?
Common options include paracetamol, topical or oral NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen) and, for inflammatory types, prescription medication such as DMARDs or biologics. Always take pain relief at the lowest effective dose and ask your GP or pharmacist about interactions.
Do I need a referral to see a rheumatologist for knee oa?
Yes — in the UK, you'll usually need a referral from your GP to access UK healthcare rheumatology services. If your GP suspects an inflammatory arthritis, NICE recommends urgent referral so that treatment can start early.
Are there free UK healthcare resources for knee arthritis treatment?
Yes. UK healthcare physiotherapy, occupational therapy, pain clinics and self-management programmes are available — many free at the point of use. Ask your GP or check the UK healthcare system website for services in your area.