Hand arthritis symptoms
Hand arthritis most often affects the base of the thumb and the small joints of the fingers. Symptoms can significantly affect grip, dexterity, and daily tasks.
Common symptoms of hand arthritis
- Pain or aching in the fingers, thumb base, or wrist
- Morning stiffness in the hands
- Reduced grip strength — opening jars or turning keys becomes difficult
- Visible bony lumps at the finger joints (Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes)
- Swelling and warmth in finger joints (suggests inflammatory arthritis)
- Loss of fine motor control for buttons, zips, or handwriting
When to see your GP
See your GP if hand symptoms are limiting daily activities, if you notice swelling and warmth (suggesting inflammatory arthritis), or if symptoms are affecting both hands symmetrically.
This is general information, not a substitute for personalised medical advice.
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of hand arthritis?
The earliest signs of hand arthritis often include joint pain, stiffness — particularly in the morning or after rest — and reduced flexibility in the affected area. Symptoms typically develop gradually, so keep a short symptom diary and speak to your GP if pain persists for more than a few weeks.
How is hand arthritis diagnosed in the UK?
In the UK, GPs diagnose hand arthritis from your symptoms, a clinical examination, and — where appropriate — blood tests, X-rays, ultrasound or MRI. For inflammatory types, your GP may refer you to UK healthcare rheumatology for specialist review under NICE guidance.
Can hand oa symptoms come and go?
Yes. Many people with hand oa experience flares — periods of worse pain, swelling and stiffness — followed by quieter spells. Tracking your flares helps you and your GP spot triggers and adjust treatment.
When should I see a GP about hand arthritis symptoms?
Book a GP appointment if joint pain has lasted more than a few weeks, is interfering with sleep or daily life, or is accompanied by swelling, warmth, locking or unexplained fatigue. Early assessment leads to better long-term outcomes.
Is hand arthritis the same as general arthritis pain?
No — there are over 100 forms of arthritis, and hand arthritis has its own pattern of symptoms, affected joints and treatment pathway. Getting the right diagnosis matters because the most effective treatments differ between conditions.