What is Adalimumab?
Adalimumab (brand name Humira, and several biosimilars) is a biologic medication — a type of treatment made from biological sources. It belongs to a class of drugs called TNF (tumour necrosis factor) inhibitors, or anti-TNF agents. TNF is a protein produced by the immune system that promotes inflammation. In conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and Crohn's disease, TNF is overproduced, driving harmful inflammation. Adalimumab works by blocking TNF, reducing inflammation and preventing joint and tissue damage.
What is it Used For?
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Psoriasis
- Crohn's disease
- Ulcerative colitis
- Uveitis (eye inflammation)
- Hidradenitis suppurativa
How is it Given?
Adalimumab is given as a subcutaneous injection (under the skin), usually every two weeks. It comes as a pre-filled syringe or auto-injector pen for self-injection at home. Patients are trained by healthcare professionals on how to administer the injection safely.
Side Effects
- Injection site reactions — redness, pain, or swelling
- Increased risk of infections — particularly respiratory infections
- Reactivation of latent tuberculosis (TB) — TB screening is required before starting
- Rare: serious infections, certain cancers (especially lymphoma), heart failure
Monitoring
Regular blood tests and monitoring for signs of infection are essential. Live vaccinations should be avoided while on adalimumab. It should not be used in people with active infection, severe heart failure, or a history of certain cancers.