What is the Musculoskeletal System?
The musculoskeletal system includes all the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints in the body. Together, these structures support the body, enable movement, and protect organs. Musculoskeletal conditions are the leading cause of disability worldwide and include conditions such as arthritis, back pain, osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, and sports injuries.
Common Musculoskeletal Conditions
- Arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis)
- Back pain and neck pain
- Osteoporosis
- Fibromyalgia
- Tendonitis and bursitis
- Sports injuries (sprains, strains, fractures)
- Hypermobility disorders
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
Protecting Musculoskeletal Health
- Stay active — regular weight-bearing and strength exercise maintains bone density and muscle strength
- Maintain a healthy weight — reduces stress on joints
- Eat well — a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and protein supports bone and muscle health
- Protect your joints — use correct technique during exercise and at work
- Posture — good posture reduces strain on the spine and joints
- Don't smoke — smoking weakens bones and reduces blood supply to tissues
- Warm up and cool down — before and after exercise
When to See a Doctor
See your GP if you have persistent joint or muscle pain that interferes with daily activities, pain that is worsening, swelling, redness, or warmth around a joint, or if you have had a fall or injury. Early assessment and treatment can prevent long-term damage.