What is Bursitis?
Bursitis is inflammation of the bursae — small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion bones, tendons, and muscles near the joints. Bursae reduce friction and allow smooth movement between tissues. When a bursa becomes inflamed, it causes pain and swelling near the affected joint. Bursitis most commonly occurs in the shoulder, elbow, hip, and knee.
Causes
- Repetitive movements or prolonged pressure on a joint
- Sudden injury or trauma
- Rheumatoid arthritis or gout
- Infection (septic bursitis)
- Certain occupations (e.g. carpet laying, gardening)
Symptoms
- Aching or stiffness in the affected joint
- Swelling and redness
- Pain that worsens with movement or pressure
- Limited range of motion
Treatment
Most cases of bursitis improve within a few weeks with proper rest and treatment. Avoiding the activities that caused it helps prevent recurrence.
- Rest the affected joint
- Apply ice for 20 minutes several times a day
- Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs)
- Physiotherapy exercises
- Corticosteroid injections
- Draining the bursa (aspiration) if severely swollen
- Antibiotics for infected bursitis